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Approximately one third of patients will develop an incisional hernia after abdominal surgery. An incisional hernia occurs at or in close proximity to a surgical incision through which intestine, organ or other tissue protrudes. Incisional hernias result from a weakening of the abdominal muscle due to a surgical incision. An incisional hernia can occur for a number of specific reasons; individuals who participate in excessive or premature physical activity after surgery, gain considerable weight, become pregnant or increase abdominal pressure in any other way before the incision is fully healed are especially at risk for an incisional hernia. Incisional hernias are most likely to occur within three to six months post-surgery but can happen at any time.

What is a hiatal hernia? A hiatal hernia occurs when the top of your stomach pushes up through an opening in your diaphragm into your chest. Your diaphragm is the muscle barrier that separates your abdominal cavity from your chest cavity. A hernia is when any organ or tissue pushes through a weakness in the tissue barrier that normally contains it. Hernias are common, and hiatal hernias are among the most common types. Hiatal hernias push through a preexisting weakness in your diaphragm — the opening where your esophagus passes through to connect to your stomach. Healthcare providers call this opening the esophageal hiatus, which is where the term, hiatal hernia, or hiatus hernia, comes from. Stress and strain can widen this opening over time. This condition usually develops slowly over many years

Appendectomy is surgery to remove an inflamed or infected appendix (appendicitis). Your appendix is a small, tube-like organ that extends from your colon on the lower-right side of your belly. Because an inflamed appendix has the potential to rupture (burst), appendicitis is a medical emergency. On the other hand, a healthy appendix doesn’t appear to have any essential function. If you must have your appendix removed, you won’t miss it.

Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery, is a surgical technique that uses small incisions and specialized instruments to perform surgical procedures. It is applicable for a wide range of diseases and conditions, and its primary benefits include reduced trauma, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery, and less post-operative pain compared to traditional open surgery. During laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon makes small incisions (usually around 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters) in the abdomen and inserts a thin, flexible tube called a laparoscope. The laparoscope has a light source and a camera, allowing the surgeon to visualize the internal organs on a monitor. Carbon dioxide gas is then used to inflate the abdomen, creating a space for the surgeon to work. Various surgical instruments, such as graspers, scissors, and electrocautery devices, are inserted through additional small incisions to perform the necessary surgical tasks. The surgeon manipulates the instruments from outside the body while watching the monitor, guiding them to complete the procedure.

Laser treatment is an out-patient and less-invasive(कम आक्रामक) laparoscopic procedure. The treatment follows a fine laser beam(लेजर किरण) for removing the tissue. The surrounding healthy tissues remain unaffected(स्वस्थ ऊतक अप्रभावित). People prefer laser treatment (लेजर उपचार)for piles for various benefits. Laser piles surgery is a preferred treatment option(पसंदीदा उपचार विकल्प) for acute symptoms(तीव्र लक्षणों) . Conventional surgeries are with several disadvantages(कई नुकसान हैं). These include time to heal (ठीक होने का समय)and post-surgical pain(र्जरी के बाद का दर्द). The recovery period is longer(पुनर्प्राप्ति अवधि लंबी है). There are also post-surgical complications(सर्जरी के बाद की जटिलताएँ).